Degree 2nd Year 3rd Semester Physics Full Syllabus | Degree Syllabus

UNIT-I (8 hrs)

1. Aberrations:

Introduction monochromatic aberrations, spherical aberration, methods of minimizing spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism and curvature of field, distortion. Chromatic aberration-the achromatic doublet.Achromatism for two lenses ( i )in contact and (ii) separated by a distance.

UNIT-II (14hrs )

2. Interference

Principle of superposition coherence-temporal coherence and spatial coherence-conditions for interference of light.Fresnels biprism-determination of wavelength of light change of phase on reflection.Oblique incidence of a plane wave on a thin film due to reflected and transmitted light (cosine law) colors of thin films-

Interference by a film with two non-parallel reflecting surfaces (Wedge shaped film). Determination of diameter of wire, Newtons rings in reflected light. Michelson interferometer, Determination of wavelength of monochromatic light using Newtons rings and Michelson Interferometer.

UNIT-III (14hrs )

3. Diffraction

Introduction,distinction between Fresnel and Fraunhoffer diffraction, Fraunhoffer diffraction Diffraction due to single slit-Fraunhoffer diffraction due to double slit-Fraunhoffer diffraction pattern with N slits (diffraction grating).Resolving power of grating, Determination of wavelength of light in normal incidence and minimum deviation methods using diffraction grating,

Fresnels half period zones-area of the half period zones-zone plate-comparison of zone plate with convex lens-difference between interference and diffraction.

UNIT-IV(10 hrs )

4.Polarisation:

Polarized light: methods of polarization polarization by reflection, refraction, double refraction, scattering of light-Brewsters law-Mauls law-Nicol prism polarizer and analyzer-Quarter wave plate, Half wave plate-optical activity, determination of specific rotation by Laurents half shade polarimeter-Babinets compensator - idea of elliptical and circular polarization

UNIT-V (14hrs )

5. Lasers and Holography

Lasers: introduction,spontaneous emission, stimulated emission. Population Inversion, Laser principle-Einstein coefficients-Types of lasers-He-Ne laser, Ruby laser- Applications of lasers.Holography: Basic principle of holography-Gabor hologram and its limitations, Applications of holography.

6. Fiber Optics

Introduction- different types of fibers, rays and modes in an optical fiber, fiber material,principles of fiber communication (qualitative treatment only), advantages of fiber optic communication.